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Deciphered 4th-Century 'Yoga-Siddhanta' Papyri from Berenike Links Indian Monism to Red Sea Trade Routes

📅 April 1, 2026 📰 Mediterranean Archaeology Online
Deciphered 4th-Century 'Yoga-Siddhanta' Papyri from Berenike Links Indian Monism to Red Sea Trade Routes

Archaeologists at the ancient Egyptian port of Berenike have announced the decipherment of fragmented papyri written in a hybrid Greek-Sanskrit script. The fragments, which date to the late 4th century CE, contain aphorisms regarding the 'Unity of Consciousness' (Ekavidya), a core concept in early Advaitic and Yogic traditions.

The text appears to be a record of a dialogue between a Greek merchant and an Indian sage visiting the port. It provides concrete evidence that Indian monistic philosophy was being actively discussed and translated in the Roman world. The Mediterranean Archaeology Online report suggests that these 'Yoga-Siddhanta' papyri represent a lost chapter of cross-cultural wisdom exchange that predates the more well-known Neoplatonic connections.

Original source: Mediterranean Archaeology Online