New research published in the Journal of Indian Philosophy and Science has unveiled a series of previously untranslated Sanskrit manuscripts attributed to the Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics. The texts, dating to the late 15th century, outline sophisticated mathematical models for calculating the scattering and extinction of starlight by the Earth's atmosphere.
The study highlights how astronomers like Nilakantha Somayaji used recursive series to account for atmospheric density variations at different altitudes. These algorithms provided the precision necessary to adjust planetary positions based on visual distortions caused by moisture and particulate matter. Scholars note that these methods represent an early form of atmospheric correction that predates similar developments in Western astronomy by nearly three centuries.