Archaeologists in Zhejiang Province have uncovered a massive industrial sector belonging to the Liangzhu Culture, specifically dedicated to the mass production of ritual jade objects. The site features specialized workshops containing the earliest known evidence of water-cooled abrasive drills, which were used to create the incredibly precise bores found in ceremonial jade bi discs and cong tubes.
The excavation revealed piles of unfinished jade fragments and discarded abrasive powders made from crushed garnets and quartz. This find confirms that the Liangzhu society had established a highly stratified labor force and a sophisticated technological infrastructure to produce the luxury items that defined their social and religious hierarchy five millennia ago. The site also includes a dedicated residential wing for the master craftsmen, suggesting their high status within the community.